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Suicidality in Individuals With Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Isabelle J Chau1,2, Anuja H Shah1,3, Shaun A Nguyen1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.

Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery : Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
|January 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Individuals with hearing loss have a significantly higher risk of suicidal ideation and attempts compared to those without hearing loss. This highlights the need for clinicians to assess mental health risks in patients with hearing impairments.

Keywords:
depressionhearing impairmenthearing lossmental healthmeta‐analysissuicidalitysystematic review

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology and Mental Health
  • Public Health Research
  • Psychiatric Epidemiology

Background:

  • Hearing loss is a prevalent condition with significant impacts on quality of life.
  • Mental health conditions, including suicidality, are a growing public health concern.
  • The relationship between hearing loss and suicidality requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prevalence of suicidal ideation and attempts in individuals with hearing loss compared to controls.
  • To identify risk factors associated with suicidality in the hearing loss population.
  • To synthesize existing evidence through a comprehensive meta-analysis.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across major databases (CINAHL, Cochrane Review, PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO) up to March 2025.
  • Two independent reviewers screened abstracts and selected studies meeting inclusion criteria (hearing loss, suicidality measures, age ≥16).
  • Fixed and random-effects meta-analyses were performed on proportions, continuous measures, and relative risks (RR), assessing depression and social isolation.

Main Results:

  • The meta-analysis included 14 studies with 221,681 participants.
  • Individuals with hearing loss exhibited higher prevalences of suicidal ideation (13.2% vs 9.3%) and suicide attempts (4.9% vs 2.4%).
  • Hearing loss significantly increased the risk of suicidal ideation (RR=1.47) and suicide attempts (RR=1.83). Risk of depression was elevated in subjective hearing loss, while suicidal ideation risk was elevated in both subjective and audiometrically measured hearing loss.

Conclusions:

  • A clear association exists between hearing loss and suicidality, with varying strength based on hearing loss measurement.
  • Clinicians must consider both audiometric data and patient-reported concerns for comprehensive psychiatric risk assessment.
  • Early screening and timely interventions are crucial for mitigating mental health consequences in individuals with hearing loss.