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A 43 µm $\times$ 269 µm Light-Adaptive Optoelectronic Autonomous Microsystem for Neural Recording.

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    This study introduces a novel tetherless neural recording microsystem that uses its own CMOS bulk as a photovoltaic power source. This power-adaptive system enhances bandwidth with available light while maintaining stable neural signal recording.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Microelectronic Systems
    • Neuroscience Technology

    Background:

    • Neural recording systems often require tethered power sources, limiting mobility and increasing infection risk.
    • Existing wireless microsystems face challenges in power management and signal integrity under varying environmental conditions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a tetherless neural recording microsystem powered by integrated photovoltaic junctions.
    • To design a power-adaptive system that optimizes bandwidth and maintains signal stability.
    • To investigate and model light-induced effects in CMOS-based optoelectronic systems.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized forward-biased CMOS bulk to create silicon photovoltaic junctions for power generation.
    • Implemented a power-adaptive amplifier design that regulates power distribution.
    • Employed Pulse Position Modulation (PPM) for optical data transmission via an AlGaAs microscale light-emitting diode (μLED).
    • Developed a simulation methodology to analyze light-induced effects.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a tetherless neural recording microsystem (FB-MOTE) measuring 43 μm × 269 μm.
    • Demonstrated operation with low power consumption (0.2 μA at 0.317 V) and tolerance to high light intensity (up to 1200 μW/mm²).
    • Showcased power adaptability where increased power enhances system bandwidth while preserving noise levels.
    • Validated the effectiveness of the μLED driver for maximizing emission-to-area ratio.

    Conclusions:

    • The forward-bulk CMOS microsystem offers a viable solution for self-powered, wireless neural recording.
    • The power-adaptive design ensures stable performance across varying light conditions.
    • The developed simulation methodology aids in understanding and mitigating light-induced effects in optoelectronic systems.