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Exercise and Muscle Performance

Exercise and Muscle Performance

Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 14, 2026

Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations

Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations

Published on: May 1, 2018

Hamstring Training and Football Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Antonio Riego Ruiz¹, Darío Martínez-García¹, Ignacio Jesus Chirosa¹

¹Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.

International Journal of Sports Medicine

|January 12, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Strength training significantly enhances hamstring strength and physical performance in male football players aged 15+. Eccentric overload training shows the most benefits for sprinting and jumping, aiding injury prevention and performance.

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Effects of a Novel Neuromuscular Training Intervention on Jump, Sprint, and Change of Direction in Adult Female Soccer Players

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Area of Science:

Sports Science
Exercise Physiology

Background:

Football players require optimal hamstring strength and physical performance.
Strength training is a key component of athletic development.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review the impact of strength training on hamstring muscle strength and physical performance in football players.
To identify the most effective strength training protocols for improving performance outcomes.

Main Methods:

Systematic review following PRISMA guidelines.
Literature search across four databases (Web of Science, SCOPUS, SportDiscuss, PubMed).
Inclusion of randomized controlled trials involving male football players aged 15+.

Main Results:

Strength training demonstrated moderate to large effects on hamstring and quadriceps strength (concentric and eccentric).
Significant improvements were observed in jumping and sprinting performance.
Eccentric overload training yielded the greatest benefits for sprint and jump performance.

Conclusions:

Strength training, especially eccentric overload, significantly enhances hamstring strength and physical performance in male football players.
This training is crucial for injury prevention and performance enhancement in this demographic.
Further research is needed for female players and younger age groups.