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Updated: Jan 22, 2026

3-D Cell Culture System for Studying Invasion and Evaluating Therapeutics in Bladder Cancer
Published on: September 13, 2018
Regional Node-positive Bladder Cancer: Therapeutic Decisions Based on Trial Results in Perioperative and Advanced
Renate Pichler1, José Daniel Subiela2, Pietro Scilipoti3
1Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Innsbruck, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Abstract:
Optimal therapeutic management for cN1 M0 bladder cancer consists of perioperative systemic therapy and radical cystectomy. For patients with cN2-3 M0 disease, evidence supports upfront systemic therapy, preferably with enfortumab vedotin + pembrolizumab. Consolidative locoregional therapy may be an option in selected responders. Questions remain regarding the optimal duration of systemic therapy and the role of biomarkers. Multidisciplinary expert opinion can be critical for informed shared decision-making.
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