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Trace element profiles in canine neoplastic disease.

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Plasma trace element levels differ in dogs with tumors, with variations linked to tumor type and clinical signs. Specific elements like copper and selenium may serve as biomarkers for canine tumor staging and prognosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Oncology
  • Trace Element Analysis
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Trace elements are vital for physiological functions and implicated in human tumor development and prognosis.
  • Understanding canine tumor-associated mineral profiles can offer insights into disease mechanisms and outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize plasma mineral profiles in dogs with various tumor types.
  • To investigate associations between specific trace elements and clinical findings, including tumor type and metastasis.
  • To explore the potential of trace elements as biomarkers for canine tumor staging and prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Plasma samples from 164 dogs with tumors and 40 controls were analyzed for 13 trace elements (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Zn) using mass spectrometry.
  • Clinical data, including tumor type and presence of metastasis, were recorded.
  • Statistical analysis compared element concentrations between tumor-bearing dogs and controls, and explored correlations with clinical features.

Main Results:

  • Dogs with tumors exhibited significantly higher plasma concentrations of copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), and zinc (Zn) compared to controls.
  • Distinct plasma element profiles were observed across different tumor types, with hepatic tumors showing notable alterations.
  • Elevated Cu and Mn, coupled with decreased Se, were associated with diverse clinical symptoms and distant metastasis.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma trace element profiles are altered in dogs with tumors and vary by tumor type and clinical presentation.
  • Trace elements, particularly Cu, Mn, Ni, Se, and Zn, show potential as non-invasive biomarkers for clinical staging and prognosis in canine oncology.
  • Further research is warranted to validate these findings and establish a core mineral panel for canine tumor assessment.