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The Integrated Stress Response in Cancer: Paradox and Therapeutic Promise
Chenliang Zhang1, Ting Zhang2, Qiulin Tang3
1Division of Abdominal Tumor, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, Laboratory of Abdominal Tumor Immunology and Microenvironment, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
The integrated stress response (ISR) pathway helps cancer cells survive but can also trigger cell death. Targeting the ISR offers therapeutic potential, but its dual role requires careful consideration for effective cancer treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- Cellular Biology
- Molecular Oncology
- Signaling Pathways
Background:
- The integrated stress response (ISR) is a conserved pathway regulating cell survival and death.
- Cancer cells utilize the ISR to adapt to stress, but its overactivation can induce apoptosis.
- The dual role of ISR in cancer presents therapeutic challenges and opportunities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the ISR's regulators, effectors, and context-dependent roles in cancer.
- To evaluate the rationale for targeting the ISR in cancer therapy.
- To summarize and discuss current ISR-targeting agents in development.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review of ISR mechanisms and functions in cancer.
- Analysis of ISR's involvement in tumorigenesis, immune modulation, and therapy resistance.
- Evaluation of preclinical and clinical data for ISR-targeting agents.
Main Results:
- ISR activation supports cancer cell survival under stress.
- ISR can promote or suppress tumor progression depending on context.
- ISR targeting agents show potential but face constraints.
Conclusions:
- Understanding ISR's role in cell fate is crucial for developing targeted cancer therapies.
- The ISR is a promising, actionable target for future cancer therapeutics.
- Further research is needed to overcome challenges in harnessing the ISR therapeutically.
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