Central Retinal Vein Occlusion in Pregnancy: A Rare Case Report

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Vascular Medicine
• Reproductive Health

Background:

• Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) is a common retinal vascular disease, typically affecting older adults.
• In younger individuals, CRVO is frequently associated with inflammatory conditions or other systemic risk factors.
• Pregnancy is known to alter coagulation and vascular dynamics, potentially increasing thrombotic risk.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a rare case of central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) in a young, pregnant female.
• To investigate potential underlying causes of CRVO in the absence of typical risk factors.
• To explore the role of pregnancy-related physiological changes (Virchow's triad) as a potential cause of CRVO.

Main Methods:

• Case report presentation.
• Detailed clinical examination and history.
• Comprehensive laboratory testing to rule out systemic diseases and prothrombotic conditions.

Main Results:

• A young pregnant female presented with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).
• No underlying systemic diseases or abnormal laboratory findings were identified.
• The patient had no history of inflammatory conditions or other known risk factors for CRVO.

Conclusions:

• Pregnancy-induced hypercoagulability, stasis, and endothelial injury (Virchow's triad) may be implicated in the pathogenesis of CRVO in young women.
• This case underscores the importance of considering pregnancy as a potential risk factor for CRVO in younger patients.
• Further research is warranted to elucidate the specific mechanisms linking pregnancy to CRVO.