Association of Caveolin1 rs3807992 Polymorphism with Metabolic Syndrome in East Asian Females: A Meta-Analysis

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a significant public health issue. The role of genetic versus environmental factors in MetS remains debated. The Caveolin1 (CAV1) gene, which encodes the caveolin protein, has been reported to be associated with several diseases. This study aims to elucidate the connection and underlying mechanisms between the CAV1 gene variant and MetS.

Following the PROSPERO-registered protocol (CRD42024452093), we performed extensive searches in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase through April 2024. Ten cross-sectional studies, encompassing 3545 participants, were included, focusing on the association between the CAV1 gene variant and three core components of MetS: obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Associations were evaluated using standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for AA or AG genotypes versus GG.

Robust associations between the CAV1 rs3807992 polymorphism and indicators of obesity, body mass index (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.063 to 0.467, p = 0.010), body fat mass (95% CI = 0.052 to 0.247, p = 0.003), and fat mass index (95% CI = -0.004 to 0.319, p = 0.056) were found. Furthermore, inverse correlations were observed with lipid profiles: high-density lipoprotein (95% CI = -0.493 to -0.154, p < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein (95% CI = -0.296 to -0.101, p < 0.001), and total cholesterol (95%CI = -0.186 to -0.027, p = 0.008) showed significant relationship, while no significant associations were found with triglycerides or diastolic blood pressure.

The CAV1 rs3807992 variant may play a role in MetS, suggesting its potential as a genetic marker and therapeutic target, while our study also provides insights into the underlying mechanisms.

CAV1 rs3807992 polymorphism is significantly associated with metabolic syndrome, particularly obesity and adverse lipid profiles. The A allele may contribute to increased obesity while negatively affecting cholesterol levels. These findings support the potential use of rs3807992 as a genetic biomarker for MetS risk assessment and personalized prevention.