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Updated: Jan 28, 2026

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A case of thymic carcinoma harboring an FGFR3 S249C mutation with durable disease control on lenvatinib

Noriko Bando1, Hirokazu Ogino1, Kojin Murakami1

  • 1Department of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770- 8503 Japan.

International Cancer Conference Journal
|January 27, 2026
PubMed

Insights

This case study highlights a patient with advanced thymic carcinoma who achieved long-term disease control with lenvatinib. An FGFR3 mutation was identified, suggesting its potential as a predictive biomarker for targeted therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Thymic carcinoma is a rare, aggressive cancer with poor prognosis and limited treatment options.
  • Lenvatinib is approved for thymic carcinoma post-chemotherapy, but predictive biomarkers are needed.
  • Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) are targeted by lenvatinib.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of advanced thymic carcinoma treated with lenvatinib.
  • To investigate potential predictive biomarkers for lenvatinib efficacy in thymic carcinoma.
  • To explore the role of FGFR3 mutations in thymic carcinoma treatment.

Main Methods:

  • A 67-year-old male patient with advanced thymic carcinoma received first-line carboplatin plus paclitaxel.
  • Second-line therapy involved lenvatinib, a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor.
  • Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) was performed using the FoundationOne® CDx assay.

Main Results:

  • Lenvatinib provided durable disease control for over 20 months, exceeding median progression-free survival.
  • CGP identified an oncogenic FGFR3 S249C mutation.
  • The findings suggest FGFR3 mutations may predict response to lenvatinib.

Conclusions:

  • FGFR3 mutations may represent actionable therapeutic targets in thymic carcinoma.
  • Oncogenic mutations in lenvatinib-targeted genes could serve as predictive biomarkers.
  • Early CGP testing, including for FGFR3 mutations, may be beneficial for thymic carcinoma patients.
Keywords:
Comprehensive genomic profilingFGFR3 mutationsLenvatinibPredictive biomarkerThymic carcinoma

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