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The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
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Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
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During replication, the complementary strands in double-stranded DNA are synthesized at different rates. Replication first begins on the leading strand. Replication starts later, occurs more slowly, and proceeds discontinuously on the lagging strand.
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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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DNA Virus Detection System Based on RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a-SPM and Deep Learning
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Integrated Colorimetric CRISPR/Cas12a Detection of Double-Stranded DNA on Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical

Zhiheng Zhang1, Qiyu Fu1, Tiantai Wen1

  • 1Integrated Devices and Intelligent Diagnosis (ID2) Laboratory, CUHKSZ-Boyalife Regenerative Medicine Engineering Joint Laboratory, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China.

Biosensors
|January 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new paper-based device enables rapid, instrument-free detection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA using CRISPR technology. This portable platform offers a low-cost solution for early cervical cancer screening in remote areas.

Keywords:
HPV16 E7 detectionRPA–CRISPR integrated assaycolorimetric biosensormicrofluidic paper-based analytical devicepoint-of-care diagnostics

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Diagnostics
  • Biotechnology
  • Point-of-Care Testing

Background:

  • Early detection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV), especially HPV16 E7, is crucial for cervical cancer prevention.
  • Current diagnostic methods can be complex, costly, and require specialized equipment, limiting their use in resource-limited settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, portable, and instrument-free biosensing platform for the rapid and visual detection of HPV16 E7 DNA.
  • To integrate recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) with CRISPR/Cas12a technology on a microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD).

Main Methods:

  • A μPAD integrating lyophilized RPA and CRISPR reagents was designed with specific functional zones.
  • Cas12a's trans-cleavage activity was utilized to release labeled reporters upon target recognition.
  • Colorimetric detection using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and anti-FAM antibodies provided a visual readout of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA).

Main Results:

  • The platform enabled quantitative, visual detection of HPV16 E7 dsDNA down to 100 pM within 60 minutes.
  • A linear correlation was observed between the colorimetric signal's gray value and target DNA concentration.
  • The assay demonstrated high accuracy and reproducibility in spiked samples.

Conclusions:

  • The developed μPAD platform offers a rapid, low-cost, and user-friendly solution for point-of-care HPV screening.
  • This integration of CRISPR diagnostics with paper-based microfluidics advances molecular diagnostics for resource-limited settings.
  • The technology holds potential for scalable point-of-care molecular diagnostics beyond HPV detection.