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Assessing Functional Cognition in Autistic Adults: The Weekly Calendar Planning Activity.

Anne C Sullivan1, Asha K Vas2, Samantha Tierney3

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Summary
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Autistic young adults showed significant differences in functional cognition tasks compared to neurotypical peers. The Weekly Calendar Planning Activity (WCPA) highlights challenges in planning, efficiency, and strategy use for autistic individuals.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Autistic adults frequently encounter executive function deficits impacting daily living, education, and employment.
  • The Weekly Calendar Planning Activity (WCPA) is a performance-based assessment for functional cognition, yet research on its use with autistic adults is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate functional cognition patterns in autistic young adults using the WCPA.
  • To identify specific differences in planning, rule adherence, accuracy, efficiency, errors, and strategies between autistic and neurotypical young adults.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study comparing autistic (n=55) and neurotypical (n=32) young adults (ages 18-30) without intellectual disability.
  • Utilized the Weekly Calendar Planning Activity (WCPA), adult Level 2, to assess planning time, rule following, appointment accuracy, efficiency, error types, and strategies.
  • Correlated strategy use with WCPA accuracy in autistic adults.

Main Results:

  • Significant group differences were observed in planning time, rule adherence, appointment accuracy, efficiency, error types, and strategy utilization.
  • Among autistic adults, a higher number of strategies employed correlated positively with WCPA accuracy (r = .42).

Conclusions:

  • Autistic adults exhibit functional cognition challenges in managing complex tasks, resolving conflicts, handling distractions, and efficient information organization.
  • The WCPA shows potential as an assessment tool to inform interventions aimed at enhancing self-awareness and strategy development for improved daily functioning in autistic individuals.