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Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Isolation of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells from Mouse Nasal Mucosa to Detect the Expression of CD226
Published on: May 10, 2022
Crystalline Insights into Nasal Mucosa Inflammation and Remodeling: Unveiling Role of Galectin-10
Olga Maria Manna1,2, Velia Malizia3, Andrea Perri3,4
1Pathologic Anatomy Unit, Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
Background:
Galectin-10 (Gal-10), the main constituent of Charcot-Leyden crystals, is a recognized marker of eosinophilic inflammation, yet its role in nasal mucosal remodeling in Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis (SAR) remains poorly defined.
Methods:
Gal-10, IL-5, MUC5AC, and IFN-γ were analyzed in Nasal lavage (NL) samples from children with SAR by ELISA. Unsupervised clustering and discriminant analyses were applied. The functional effects of Gal-10 were investigated ex vivo using a 3D epithelial-mesenchymal trophic unit (EMTU) model stimulated with NL containing high, low, or depleted Gal-10 levels. EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) markers (vimentin, E-cadherin, SNAIL1) and MUC5AC secretion were assessed by immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and ELISA.
Results:
Gal-10 levels in NL positively correlated with IL-5 and MUC5AC and inversely with IFN-γ. Clustering analysis identified distinct SAR endotypes, with Gal-10 showing the highest discriminative power. In the 3D EMTU model, high Gal-10 NL induced increased vimentin and SNAIL1 expression and enhanced MUC5AC secretion, effects attenuated after Gal-10 depletion.
Conclusions:
Gal-10 is associated with Th2-type inflammation, mucus hypersecretion, and early epithelial-mesenchymal transition in pediatric SAR, supporting its role as a mediator of nasal mucosal remodeling and a potential therapeutic target.
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