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Updated: Jan 29, 2026

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Biologic Augmentation for Meniscus Repair: A Narrative Review.

Tsung-Lin Lee1,2, Scott Rodeo1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
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Meniscal repair is difficult due to the meniscus

Keywords:
biologic augmentationbiologic targetcell therapycollagen scaffoldmeniscus healingplatelet-rich plasma (PRP)synovial abrasion

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Meniscal preservation is crucial for long-term knee health, but healing is limited by poor vascularity and cellularity.
  • Factors like dense extracellular matrix, biomechanical stress, and inflammation impede meniscus repair, especially in avascular regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biological basis of meniscus healing.
  • To critically evaluate current and emerging biologic augmentation strategies for meniscus repair.
  • To integrate these strategies within a framework targeting vascular, cellular, matrix, biomechanical, and immunologic factors.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of biologic augmentation techniques for meniscus repair.
  • Analysis of strategies including synovial abrasion, fibrin clot, marrow stimulation, platelet-derived biologics, cell therapies, and scaffolds.
  • Integration of findings into a unified therapeutic framework.

Main Results:

  • Various biologic augmentation strategies have been explored to enhance meniscus healing.
  • These methods aim to overcome the intrinsic limitations of meniscal repair.
  • A framework is proposed to guide future research by targeting key biological factors.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding and modulating cellular and molecular mechanisms are key to improving meniscus healing.
  • Developing mechanism-driven strategies can enhance repair outcomes.
  • Effective meniscus repair strategies may reduce the risk of post-traumatic osteoarthritis.