Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 29, 2026
07:54
A Method to Assess Bacteriocin Effects on the Gut Microbiota of Mice
Published on: July 25, 2017
14.7K
In Vitro Assessment of Gut Microbiota Modulation Through Functional Biscuits Enriched with Almond By-Products
Angela Racioppo1, Maria Rosaria Corbo1, Angela Guerrieri1
1Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering, University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 28, 2026
Summary
Almond skin, rich in fiber and polyphenols, acts as a prebiotic, enhancing beneficial gut bacteria and probiotic viability in functional biscuits. This sustainable ingredient shows promise for gut health and personalized nutrition.
Area of Science:
- Food Science and Technology
- Nutritional Science
- Microbiology
Background:
- Almond skin is a rich, underutilized by-product of almond processing.
- It contains significant amounts of dietary fiber, polyphenols, and unsaturated fatty acids.
- These components suggest potential health benefits, particularly for gut health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the nutritional profile of dehydrated almond skin.
- To assess its prebiotic potential and ability to modulate gut microbiota.
- To investigate its incorporation into 3D-printed functional biscuits.
Main Methods:
- Nutritional analysis of almond skin.
- In vitro assessment of probiotic strain viability with almond skin supplementation.
- Production of 3D-printed biscuits with and without almond skin.
- Simulated gastrointestinal digestion and in vitro fermentation using a defined gut microbiota model.
Main Results:
- Almond skin contains 62.6% dietary fiber and possesses high antioxidant capacity.
- Supplementation with 2.5-5.0% almond skin enhanced probiotic viability and shelf-life.
- Almond skin-enriched biscuits selectively promoted beneficial bacteria (Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus) and inhibited pathogens (Clostridioides difficile, Escherichia coli).
Conclusions:
- Dehydrated almond skin is a valuable functional ingredient with prebiotic properties.
- It supports probiotic viability and modulates gut microbiota composition favorably.
- Almond skin shows potential for developing functional foods for gut health and personalized nutrition.
Related Concept Videos
01:20Drug Product Performance: In Vitro–In Vivo Correlation
271
In pharmaceutical development, it's crucial to establish a predictive in vitro–in vivo correlation (IVIVC) for two or more formulations to gain a comprehensive understanding of release properties. IVIVC reduces the need for costly in vivo studies and facilitates the establishment of meaningful dissolution specifications with significant cost savings and decreased regulatory burden. Furthermore, a meaningful IVIVC should predict Cmax and AUC within 20%, aligning with FDA guidance while...
271
01:22Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test
193
In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess...
193
01:11Scalar Product (Dot Product)
27.3K
The scalar multiplication of two vectors is known as the scalar or dot product. As the name indicates, the scalar product of two vectors results in a number, that is, a scalar quantity. Scalar products are used to define work and energy relations. For example, the work that a force (a vector) performs on an object while causing its displacement (a vector) is defined as a scalar product of the force vector with the displacement vector.
The scalar product of two vectors is obtained by multiplying...
The scalar product of two vectors is obtained by multiplying...
27.3K
01:17Vector Product (Cross Product)
27.8K
Vector multiplication of two vectors yields a vector product, with the magnitude equal to the product of the individual vectors multiplied by the sine of the angle between both the vectors and the direction perpendicular to both the individual vectors. As there are always two directions perpendicular to a given plane, one on each side, the direction of the vector product is governed by the right-hand thumb rule.
Consider the cross product of two vectors. Imagine rotating the first vector about...
Consider the cross product of two vectors. Imagine rotating the first vector about...
27.8K
01:05Physiology of Enteric Nervous System and Gut Health
938
The gastrointestinal tract, responsible for the digestion and absorption of nutrients, is safeguarded by the intestinal barrier, which consists of secretory, physical, and immune components. At the forefront is the secretory barrier, composed of essential elements such as mucus, gut microbiota, and defense proteins. They collaborate to break down food particles, facilitate nutrient absorption, and maintain optimal gut health. These secretory components ensure the smooth functioning of the...
938
02:45Functional Groups
88.3K
Functional groups are a group of atoms with characteristic properties, which when linked to the carbon skeleton of a molecule, alter the properties of that molecule. For example, the presence of certain functional groups on a molecule will make them hydrophilic, whereas others will make them hydrophobic. These functional groups are an indispensable part of organic chemistry and important components of biological molecules, such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Each...
88.3K