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Comprehensive evaluation of maize germplasm for alkali tolerance during germination
Zhuyun Pan1,2, Zhiqiang Ge1,2, Fengming Gao1,2
1Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China.
Frontiers in Plant Science
|January 28, 2026
Summary
Alkaline stress severely impacts maize growth. This study developed an evaluation system identifying germination index and shoot dry weight as key indicators for breeding alkali-tolerant maize varieties.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Plant Science
- Genetics
Background:
- Alkaline stress is a significant agricultural challenge, particularly for maize, inhibiting germination and growth.
- Developing robust methods to evaluate alkali tolerance is crucial for maize breeding and crop resilience.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish an accurate and integrated system for evaluating alkali tolerance in maize germplasm.
- To identify key morphological traits contributing to alkali tolerance in maize.
Main Methods:
- Evaluated 42 maize accessions under simulated alkaline stress (100 mM).
- Employed a comprehensive analytical framework including PCA, membership function analysis, stepwise regression, cluster, and discriminant analysis.
- Utilized the Lindeman-Merenda-Gold method to quantify trait contributions to alkali tolerance.
Main Results:
- Alkaline stress significantly inhibited maize germination and early seedling growth.
- Germination index (GI) and shoot dry weight (SDW) were identified as the primary determinants of alkali tolerance.
- Root length (RL) and root fresh weight (RFW) also showed significant contributions to tolerance.
Conclusions:
- The integrated evaluation system effectively classifies maize germplasm based on alkali tolerance.
- Identified key morphological traits provide a basis for screening and breeding alkali-tolerant maize for sustainable agriculture in alkaline environments.
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