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Simulation Topics for Palliative Medicine Specialty Training: A Two-Phase Needs Assessment for Curriculum Development
Laurie Lemieux1, Kathryn Nichol2, Purnima Rao3
1Division of Palliative Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
Journal of Palliative Medicine
|February 4, 2026
Summary
This study identifies key simulation topics for palliative medicine training, including complex symptom management and emergencies. The findings will guide the development of a structured curriculum to enhance specialty education.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Palliative Care
- Simulation-Based Learning
Background:
- Simulation use in palliative medicine is limited, primarily to communication and pain management.
- A structured simulation curriculum is needed for complex symptom management and emergencies in palliative medicine.
- Current training lacks a systematic approach to simulation for advanced palliative care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and prioritize crucial clinical topics for palliative medicine specialty training simulation curriculum.
- To establish a consensus-driven list of high-priority simulation topics.
- To inform the development of a comprehensive palliative medicine simulation curriculum.
Main Methods:
- Utilized Kern's six-step curriculum development model.
- Conducted a two-phase needs assessment: a survey of 101 palliative care practitioners and a Delphi method consensus study with 46 participants.
- Employed a systematic approach to identify and prioritize simulation training needs.
Main Results:
- Identified ten high-priority simulation topics: dyspnea crisis, complex pain management, acute pain crisis, terminal agitated delirium, airway obstruction, existential distress, palliative sedation, intractable nausea and vomiting, opioid use disorder, and ventilatory support withdrawal.
- These topics align with competency-based education and entrustable professional activities.
- Prioritized topics address critical and complex clinical scenarios in palliative medicine.
Conclusions:
- The study addresses a significant gap in simulation-based training for complex and emergent palliative care situations.
- Future steps involve validation with program directors and resource mapping for curriculum development.
- This work supports a collaborative effort to advance palliative medicine specialty education through simulation.
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