Insulin Resistance Among Patients With Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Metabolic Disorders
• Genetics

Background:

• Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a hereditary condition predisposing individuals to tumors in endocrine glands.
• Previous research indicates higher rates of insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease, and reduced lifespan in MEN1 patients.
• The precise extent of insulin resistance in MEN1 requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the prevalence of insulin resistance in individuals with MEN1.
• To quantify the association between MEN1 and insulin resistance.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature search of major scientific databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CENTRAL).
• Inclusion criteria: studies with at least 5 MEN1 patients reporting on insulin resistance.
• Meta-analysis using a random effects model to calculate odds ratios for insulin resistance prevalence.

Main Results:

• Five studies involving 606 MEN1 patients and 4431 controls met the inclusion criteria.
• MEN1 patients exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of insulin resistance (OR = 5.58; 95% CI [4.02, 7.74]).
• No significant heterogeneity was observed between studies (Tau² = 0, P = 0.4552), confirming robust findings.

Conclusions:

• This is the first meta-analysis to demonstrate a significantly higher prevalence of insulin resistance in MEN1 patients compared to controls.
• The increased risk of insulin resistance in MEN1 is independent of age, sex, or BMI.
• Early screening for impaired glucose tolerance in MEN1 patients is recommended to mitigate cardiovascular risks and enhance longevity.