Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

583
Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
583
Stratified Sampling Method01:16

Stratified Sampling Method

15.5K
Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
To choose a stratified sample, divide the population into groups called strata and then take a...
15.5K
Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation01:13

Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation

942
Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
Sleep deprivation is a more severe form of sleep loss...
942
Predicting Reaction Outcomes02:24

Predicting Reaction Outcomes

10.9K
Kinetics describes the rate and path by which a reaction occurs. In contrast, thermodynamics deals with state functions and describes the properties, behavior, and components of a system. It is not concerned with the path taken by the process and cannot address the rate at which a reaction occurs. Although it does provide information about what can happen during a reaction process, it does not describe the detailed steps of what appears on an atomic or a molecular level. On the other hand,...
10.9K
Stages of Sleep01:22

Stages of Sleep

1.5K
Sleep progresses through distinct stages, each characterized by specific brain wave patterns and physiological responses ranging from wakefulness to stages of non-rapid eye movement, known as non-REM, to rapid eye movement, referred to as REM. Understanding these stages helps in recognizing how sleep supports various bodily and cognitive functions.
Before sleep begins, in wakefulness, the brain exhibits primarily beta waves, which are high in frequency and low in amplitude, indicating alertness...
1.5K
Outcomes of Glycolysis01:13

Outcomes of Glycolysis

107.3K
Nearly all the energy used by cells comes from the bonds that make up complex organic compounds. These organic compounds are broken down into simpler molecules, such as glucose. As a result, cells extract energy from glucose over many chemical reactions—a process called cellular respiration.
Cellular respiration can occur aerobically (with oxygen) or anaerobically (without oxygen). In the presence of oxygen, cellular respiration starts with glycolysis and continues with pyruvate...
107.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Nocturnal Hypoxemia Burden Correlates With Vestibular Dysfunction in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Clinical otolaryngology : official journal of ENT-UK ; official journal of Netherlands Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology & Cervico-Facial Surgery·2026
Same author

Sinonasal Inflammatory Burden on Computed Tomography in Adults With Obstructive Eustachian Tube Dysfunction: A Case-Control Study.

Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology·2026
Same author

Murine Eosinophilic and Neutrophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis Models Reveal Phenotype-Specific Steroid Responses.

American journal of rhinology & allergy·2026
Same author

Shrinking Pipelines and Shifting Priorities: An Analysis of the 2019-2025 Pain Medicine Fellowship Match.

Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.)·2026
Same author

Population-Scale Plasma Proteomics Reveals Systemic Inflammatory Signatures Associated With Chronic Rhinosinusitis.

Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology·2026
Same author

Efficacy of Lidocaine Infusion in the Management of Chronic Myofascial Pain and Intractable Migrainous Headache in a Patient With Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome: A Case Report.

Cureus·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

20.7K

Unsupervised Phenotyping to Stratify Surgical Outcomes in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Dachan Kim1, Seung J Lee2, Min-Seok Rha1,3

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery : Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
|February 6, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Identifying distinct obstructive sleep apnea phenotypes using clustering reveals varied surgical outcomes. This approach can personalize treatment and improve shared decision-making for patients undergoing upper-airway surgery.

Keywords:
obstructive sleep apneasurgical outcomeunsupervised clusteringupper‐airway surgery

More Related Videos

A Mouse Model to Evaluate the Long-Term Structural and Functional Outcomes after the Reversal of Prolonged Unilateral Ureteric Obstruction
05:34

A Mouse Model to Evaluate the Long-Term Structural and Functional Outcomes after the Reversal of Prolonged Unilateral Ureteric Obstruction

Published on: July 18, 2025

544
Multi-Modal Home Sleep Monitoring in Older Adults
07:40

Multi-Modal Home Sleep Monitoring in Older Adults

Published on: January 26, 2019

8.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

20.7K
A Mouse Model to Evaluate the Long-Term Structural and Functional Outcomes after the Reversal of Prolonged Unilateral Ureteric Obstruction
05:34

A Mouse Model to Evaluate the Long-Term Structural and Functional Outcomes after the Reversal of Prolonged Unilateral Ureteric Obstruction

Published on: July 18, 2025

544
Multi-Modal Home Sleep Monitoring in Older Adults
07:40

Multi-Modal Home Sleep Monitoring in Older Adults

Published on: January 26, 2019

8.3K

Area of Science:

  • Sleep Medicine
  • Surgical Outcomes Research
  • Data Science in Healthcare

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) treatment outcomes after upper-airway surgery are highly variable.
  • Clinical heterogeneity among OSA patients contributes to inconsistent surgical results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify distinct obstructive sleep apnea phenotypes using unsupervised clustering.
  • To evaluate the association between these phenotypes and surgical outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective prognostic cohort study involving 214 adults with OSA.
  • Analysis of 50 clinical and polysomnographic variables using the Leiden clustering algorithm.
  • Comparison of baseline characteristics and surgical outcomes (apnea-hypopnea index, oxygen saturation) across identified clusters.

Main Results:

  • Three distinct OSA phenotypes were identified: Cluster 0 (older, lower BMI, arousal-dominant), Cluster 1 (younger, higher BMI, severe apnea-dominant), and Cluster 2 (anatomical obstruction, hypopnea-dominant).
  • Cluster 0 showed less improvement in apnea-hypopnea index and oxygen saturation post-surgery.
  • Cluster 1 demonstrated the most significant improvement in apnea index and oxygen saturation.

Conclusions:

  • Unsupervised clustering effectively reveals OSA phenotypes with differing surgical prognoses.
  • Integrating this phenotyping approach into preoperative evaluations can enhance surgical counseling and shared decision-making.