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Related Concept Videos

Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
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Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
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Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer01:19

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Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
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Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
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Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Transplantation of Pancreatic Islets Into the Kidney Capsule of Diabetic Mice
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Diabetic Ketoacidosis.

Bobbi-Jo Lowie1, Michael C Bond1

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Center, 110 South Paca Street, Sixth Floor, Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.

Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
|February 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers the latest on diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) diagnosis and management, including the rare euglycemic DKA. It offers practical advice for emergency physicians on patient care and discharge.

Keywords:
Diabetic ketoacidosisEuglycemic diabetic ketoacidosisHyperglycemia

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of diabetes.
  • Euglycemic DKA is a rare variant requiring specific diagnostic considerations.
  • Effective management is crucial to prevent morbidity and mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of current DKA literature.
  • To guide emergency physicians in diagnosing and managing DKA, including euglycemic DKA.
  • To offer practical recommendations for patient disposition and discharge.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current scientific articles on DKA.
  • Synthesis of diagnostic criteria and management strategies.
  • Inclusion of clinical pearls and pitfalls for emergency physicians.

Main Results:

  • Current literature supports specific diagnostic and management protocols for DKA.
  • Risk factors for euglycemic DKA are identified.
  • Recommendations for subcutaneous insulin transition and dosing are provided.
  • Factors influencing successful patient discharge are examined.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt diagnosis and appropriate management are key to favorable outcomes in DKA.
  • Understanding euglycemic DKA and its risk factors improves patient care.
  • Structured transition to subcutaneous insulin and discharge planning enhance patient safety.