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Multicomponent Green Synthesis Involving Aryl Aldehydes and Trapped Enols: Dimerization over Cyclization.

Sarah K Zingales^1,2, McKenna Gibson², Julio Tapia-Hernandez³

¹Department of Chemical and Environmental Sciences, United States Coast Guard Academy, 31 Mohegan Ave Pkwy, New London, Connecticut 06320, United States.

|February 9, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study corrects previous research on multicomponent synthesis, revealing mischaracterized cyclization products as dimers. A green, one-pot synthesis in water provides high yields of these dimers, with potential applications in Alzheimer

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Published on: May 16, 2014

Area of Science:

Organic Synthesis
Green Chemistry
Medicinal Chemistry

Background:

Literature contains mischaracterized products from multicomponent synthesis involving aryl aldehydes and trapped enols (4-hydroxycoumarin or 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-pyrone).
Many reported cyclization products are, in fact, dimers, necessitating correction and re-characterization.

Purpose of the Study:

To correct the scientific literature regarding multicomponent synthesis products.
To fully characterize the dimerization products, bis-coumarins and bis-pyrones.
To develop a green, efficient synthetic method for these dimers.

Main Methods:

A one-pot reaction in water was employed, avoiding hazardous organic solvents.
A catalytic amount of acid was used, simplifying purification without chromatography.
The synthesis adhered to strong green chemistry principles.

Main Results:

High yields (24-96%) of bis-coumarins and bis-pyrones were successfully synthesized.
The first report of a meta-substituted bis-pyrone (4i) was achieved.
Characterization and photophysical properties of the synthesized dimers were determined.

Conclusions:

A novel green synthetic route for bis-coumarins and bis-pyrones was established.
The synthesized dimers show potential as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors for anti-Alzheimer's therapy.