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Between Concern and Uncertainty: How Health-Care Professionals Approach Smoking and Vaping in Pregnancy.

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Healthcare professionals perceive traditional cigarettes (TCs) as more harmful than e-cigarettes (ECs) but address EC use less often in pregnancy. Increased knowledge improves risk perception and counseling for both TC and EC use.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Public Health
  • Addiction Medicine

Background:

  • Tobacco and nicotine use during pregnancy, encompassing traditional cigarettes (TCs) and e-cigarettes (ECs), presents significant risks to maternal and fetal well-being.
  • Understanding how healthcare professionals address these risks is crucial for improving prenatal care and outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the extent to which healthcare professionals in pregnancy care address TC and EC use.
  • To examine how risk perception and professional training influence the assessment and counseling practices regarding TC and EC use in pregnant individuals.

Main Methods:

  • An exploratory cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 347 gynecologists, midwives, and social workers.
  • Statistical analyses included Pearson correlations, Wilcoxon tests, and Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) to compare risk perception, assessment, and counseling practices between TC and EC use.

Main Results:

  • Traditional cigarettes (TCs) were perceived as significantly more harmful than e-cigarettes (ECs), particularly concerning maternal health.
  • Despite this, EC use was assessed and counseled significantly less frequently than TC smoking.
  • Greater professional knowledge correlated with higher risk perception, more frequent assessment, and increased counseling for both TC and EC use.

Conclusions:

  • While TCs are perceived as more harmful, both TCs and ECs are not addressed with equal frequency in pregnancy care.
  • Enhanced knowledge and targeted training programs are essential to improve healthcare professionals' confidence and consistency in addressing TC and EC use.
  • Tailored training and improved integration of clinical guidelines can support equitable risk communication and cessation counseling for all pregnant individuals.