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Assessing ChatGPT-4o's Image Generation for Educational Infographics in Plastic Surgery: A Pilot Study.

Gianluca Marcaccini1, Omar Shadid2, Ishith Seth2,3

  • 1Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy. gianlu32@gmail.com.

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|February 12, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Generative AI like ChatGPT-4o can create effective, visually appealing patient education infographics for plastic surgery. While anatomical accuracy needs improvement, AI shows promise for enhancing patient communication.

Keywords:
ChatGPT-4oGenerative AIMedical infographicPatient educationPlastic surgery

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Illustration
  • Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
  • Plastic Surgery Education

Background:

  • Generative AI, specifically ChatGPT-4o, offers advanced language and image generation for patient education.
  • Visually intensive fields like plastic surgery can benefit from AI-powered content creation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate ChatGPT-4o's efficacy in generating educational infographics for common plastic surgery procedures.
  • To assess the quality of AI-generated infographics based on expert surgeon evaluations.

Main Methods:

  • Pilot study using ChatGPT-4o to create infographics for rhinoplasty, blepharoplasty, abdominoplasty, facelift, and liposuction.
  • Expert plastic surgeons (N=4) rated infographics on visual appeal, clarity, accuracy, educational value, and suitability.
  • Descriptive statistics and one-sample t tests analyzed evaluation scores.

Main Results:

  • All infographics achieved mean Likert scores above 4.0 across all evaluated domains.
  • Visual appeal received the highest rating (mean 4.72 ± 0.08).
  • Anatomical accuracy was rated lower (mean 4.32 ± 0.08) but still significantly above the benchmark (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • ChatGPT-4o shows significant potential for creating visually engaging and educationally sound plastic surgery infographics.
  • Further development is needed to enhance anatomical precision in AI-generated visuals.
  • AI-generated visual tools can improve patient communication, engagement, and informed consent in clinical practice.