[Diagnostic Approaches to the Cornea (Part 2) - From Conventional Techniques to Advanced Imaging]

The cornea plays a pivotal role in visual quality, accounting for most of the eye's refractive power. It is also frequently affected by a wide range of pathological conditions. Accurate diagnostics are therefore fundamental for making therapeutic decisions. This review provides an overview of established and emerging methods for examining the cornea, ranging from corneal pachymetry, assessments of the endothelium and nerves, anterior segment optical coherence tomography, and biomechanical measurements. Advances in high-resolution imaging and multimodal platforms have significantly improved the early detection of disease, risk stratification and monitoring. Furthermore, AI-supported multimodal approaches integrate topo-/tomography data for personalized risk assessment and mark the future of corneal diagnostics.