[Diagnostic Approaches to the Cornea (Part 1) - Anatomical Fundamentals and Standard Methods]

The cornea plays a pivotal role in visual quality, accounting for most of the eye's refractive power. It is also frequently affected by a wide range of pathological conditions. Accurate diagnostics are therefore fundamental for making therapeutic decisions. This review provides an overview of established and emerging methods for examining the cornea, ranging from slit-lamp biomicroscopy and vital dyes to corneal topography, tomography, pachymetry, assessments of the endothelium and nerves, anterior segment optical coherence tomography, and biomechanical measurements.