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Updated: May 5, 2026

High-Resolution Endocardial and Epicardial Optical Mapping in a Sheep Model of Stretch-Induced Atrial Fibrillation

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Published on: July 29, 2011

In-Vivo 6D Heart Motion Analysis for Emerging Self-Powered Cardiac Implants.

Milad Hasani¹, John Huber², Benedict Kjærgaard^3,4

¹Department of Energy, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.

Annals of Biomedical Engineering

|February 19, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study explored energy harvesting from heart motion for self-powered intracardiac devices. The left ventricular apex is identified as the optimal site for maximizing energy capture.

Keywords:

Cardiac motion In vivo porcine model Inertial measurement Intracardiac device Piezoelectric energy harvesting Self-powered implants

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Medical Devices
Energy Harvesting

Background:

Self-powered intracardiac implant devices offer extended operational lifespan and reduce repeat surgeries.
Current limitations include battery dependency and associated risks.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the feasibility of harvesting energy from cardiac motion for intracardiac devices.
To identify optimal implant sites for energy harvesting through in vivo testing.

Main Methods:

Utilized a 9-degree-of-freedom motion sensor in a porcine model to capture cardiac motion.
Developed kinematic criteria evaluating kinetic energy, acceleration, and jerk for site assessment.
Analyzed motion signals applied to a conceptual energy harvester.

Main Results:

The left ventricular apex was identified as a preferable site for energy harvesting.
Optimal energy harvesting potential was observed at moderate heart rates.
Kinematic criteria effectively evaluated energy harvesting potential across different epicardial sites.

Conclusions:

The left ventricular apex is a promising location for self-powered intracardiac implants.
Findings support the optimization of implantable devices to reduce battery replacement needs.
Enhanced patient safety and long-term device functionality can be achieved.