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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Isolation of Cortical Microglia with Preserved Immunophenotype and Functionality From Murine Neonates
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Interferon-γ-Responsive Microglia-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Inhibited Neurogenesis After Stroke via

Tongtong Xu1,2, Dongliang Qian1, Shiyu Deng2

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University Shanghai China.

Journal of the American Heart Association
|February 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Interferon-gamma EVs worsen stroke outcomes by inhibiting neural stem cell differentiation via the miR-199a-5p/SIRT1 pathway. Targeting this axis offers a new therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke recovery.

Keywords:
extracellular vesiclesinterferon‐γ–responsive microglianeurogenesisstroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Microglia in the brain respond to interferon after central nervous system injury.
  • The precise roles and mechanisms of these microglia in neurological recovery are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of interferon-gamma-responsive microglia in neurological function recovery after ischemic stroke.
  • To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms, focusing on extracellular vesicles (EVs) and microRNAs (miRNAs).

Main Methods:

  • Used a mouse model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (stroke).
  • Employed single-cell RNA sequencing, immunostaining, qPCR, ELISA, and miRNA sequencing.
  • Isolated and administered interferon-gamma EVs to neural stem cells (NSCs) in vitro and in vivo, followed by neurobehavioral and histological assessments.

Main Results:

  • Interferon-gamma EVs were found in stroke brains and inhibited NSC survival and neuronal differentiation.
  • EV administration worsened brain injury, impaired neurobehavioral recovery, and reduced neurogenesis.
  • The miR-199a-5p/SIRT1 axis was identified as the key pathway mediating these inhibitory effects.

Conclusions:

  • Interferon-gamma EVs exacerbate ischemic stroke brain injury by inhibiting NSC survival and neuronal differentiation through the miR-199a-5p/SIRT1 pathway.
  • This pathway represents a novel therapeutic target for treating ischemic stroke.