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Oral Biofilm Formation on Different Materials for Dental Implants

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Published on: June 24, 2018

PLA-based composite implants for mandibular fracture: towards bioresorbable solutions.

Devleena Bose¹, Pratik Nag², Manoj Kumar Dhal¹

¹Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, North, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

|February 21, 2026

Summary

New bio-composite implants made from poly (lactic acid) offer a promising alternative for treating mandibular fractures. These materials reduce complications and may eliminate the need for secondary surgeries, improving patient outcomes.

Keywords:

Bioresorbable Chitosan Finite element analysis Hydroxyapatite Orthopaedic implants Polylactic acid

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Orthopedic Surgery
Polymer Chemistry

Background:

Mandibular fractures are common facial injuries often treated with metallic implants.
Metallic implants (titanium, stainless steel, cobalt-chromium) can cause complications like ion release, stress shielding, and necessitate removal surgeries.
Bioresorbable polymers present an alternative to overcome limitations of metallic fixation devices.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate a novel bio-composite material for mandibular fracture fixation.
To enhance the mechanical properties and flexibility of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) using nano-hydroxyapatite (HAp) and modified chitosan (MCS) fillers.
To assess the suitability of PLA/nHAp/MCS composites for surgical repair of mandibular fractures.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of poly (lactic acid)/nano-hydroxyapatite/modified chitosan (PLA/nHAp/MCS) composite specimens using extrusion-injection molding.
Mechanical characterization of the composite materials using a universal testing machine.
Finite element (FE) analysis to simulate mandibular fracture fixation and evaluate implant performance under load.

Main Results:

The developed PLA-based bio-composites demonstrated mechanical properties suitable for mandibular fracture fixation.
Finite element analysis indicated favorable load transfer and fracture stability with the bio-composite implants.
Cytotoxicity studies confirmed the non-toxic nature of the PLA/nHAp/MCS bio-composite on mouse fibroblast cell lines.

Conclusions:

PLA-based bio-composites are a viable alternative for mandibular fracture fixation.
These novel materials have the potential to reduce implant-related complications and avoid secondary removal surgeries.
The developed bio-composite shows promise for improved patient care in treating facial bone fractures.