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Mobile Health Interventions for Caregivers to Prevent Stunting Among Children: A Scoping Review
Idham Choliq1,2,3, Vika Ramadhana Fitriyani2,3, Shu-Yuan Lin1,4
1School of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Aim:
To map the current literature on the use of mobile health interventions by caregivers to prevent stunting in children.
Background:
Combining mobile technology with health education or community engagement has shown promise as an intervention for preventing child stunting.
Method:
Following Arksey and O'Malley's scoping methodology and PRISMA-ScR guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and Web of Science. A total of 317 records were assessed, and seven studies were included for critical review.
Results:
Included studies composed of three randomized controlled trials, one quasi-experimental trial and three pilot studies. Types of mobile health interventions included mobile apps, interactive voice response (IVR) audio messages, WhatsApp and chatbots, which were delivered through self-guided and provider-assisted modes. Protocols were conducted through daily or weekly messages or structured multi-week modules over periods of weeks to months. Outcomes measured included caregivers' cognition, child diet, child growth and health, service utilization and maternal well-being. Improvements were observed in caregivers' knowledge and feeding practices. However, the results for child growth and immunization were inconsistent.
Conclusion:
Mobile health interventions have considerable potential to enhance caregivers' knowledge and improve feeding practices, which are crucial for preventing stunting globally.
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