Stress Mediates the Relationship Between Psychosocial Factors and Musculoskeletal Disorders in Nurses

Nurses are highly susceptible to musculoskeletal disorders, with psychosocial workplace factors contributing to increased risk. However, the underlying mechanisms of this association remain unclear. This study explores the mediating role of stress in the link between psychosocial factors and musculoskeletal disorders among nurses.

A survey was conducted with 155 nurses at an academic hospital in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, from December 2023 to February 2024. Data were gathered on psychosocial factors-including work demands, interpersonal relations and leadership, work-individual interface, social capital, health and well-being-alongside stress and musculoskeletal disorders. The analysis was performed using partial least squares structural equation modelling via SmartPLS software.

Findings indicated that stress acts as a mediator in the relationship between psychosocial factors and musculoskeletal disorders. Among the five psychosocial dimensions examined, interpersonal relations and leadership had the most significant indirect effect on musculoskeletal disorders via stress. Complementary mediation suggested additional mechanisms linking psychosocial factors and musculoskeletal disorders.

This study underscores the significant role of stress in shaping how psychosocial factors influence musculoskeletal disorders. Organizations should manage psychosocial factors to reduce stress and mitigate MSDs, promoting better nurse well-being and work outcomes.