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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

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The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
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Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

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Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
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NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction01:14

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When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...
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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): Overview01:07

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Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a phenomenon exhibited by certain nuclei that can absorb characteristic radio frequency radiation under certain conditions. NMR has been extensively applied in molecular spectroscopy and medical diagnostic imaging. In both these applications, the molecule or subject under study is placed in a magnetic field and irradiated with radio frequency energy.
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NMR Spectrometers: Overview01:20

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NMR spectrometers consist of a strong magnet, a radiofrequency transmitter, and a detector attached to a computer console for recording spectra of samples containing NMR-active nuclei. In first-generation NMR instruments called continuous-wave spectrometers, the resonance frequencies of the nuclei are determined by frequency-sweep or field-sweep methods. The magnetic field strength is fixed and the rf signal is swept in the former, while the radiofrequency signal is fixed and the magnetic field...
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2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques01:16

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Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COSY) is a powerful technique used in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the correlations between nuclei of the same type within a molecule. It provides information about scalar couplings between adjacent nuclei, which helps determine connectivity and structural information. There are several COSY variants, each with its unique strengths and experimental parameters.
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Updated: Feb 24, 2026

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Chemically Resolved Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy by Longitudinal Magnetization Detection with a Diamond

Janis Smits1, Yaser Silani1, Zaili Peng1

  • 1Center for High Technology Materials, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, United States.

ACS Measurement Science Au
|February 23, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Diamond magnetometers achieve high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) detection using a novel Ramsey-Mz protocol. This method enables sensitive analysis of small volumes, paving the way for applications in metabolomics and pharmaceuticals.

Keywords:
NMRNV diamondhigh magnetic fieldoptically detected magnetic resonancepulse sequencesmall volume

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Sensing
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are promising for sensitive magnetometry.
  • Achieving high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) detection at higher magnetic fields remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a Ramsey-Mz protocol for high-resolution NMR detection using diamond magnetometers.
  • To assess the potential of this protocol for small-volume analyte detection and its scalability to higher magnetic fields.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Ramsey interferometry to convert transverse spin precession into detectable longitudinal magnetization (Mz).
  • Employed a diamond magnetometer to detect the modulated longitudinal magnetization.
  • Recorded NMR spectra at 0.32 T and simulated performance at up to 3 T.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a fractional spectral resolution of ~350 ppb at 0.32 T, resolving ethanol's chemical shift structure.
  • Calculated an effective analyte detection volume of ~1 nL based on diamond illumination volume.
  • Simulations indicate feasibility of ~1 ppb resolution and ~40 mM s1/2 concentration sensitivity at higher fields with improved sensor design.

Conclusions:

  • Established diamond magnetometers as high-resolution NMR detectors in the moderate magnetic field regime.
  • The Ramsey-Mz protocol shows potential for sensitive, small-volume NMR analysis.
  • Future applications include metabolomics and pharmaceutical research.