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The AcbHLH153-AcBBX19 Module Modulates Kiwifruit Ester Biosynthesis via Repression of AcAAT1
Qing Cao1,2, Jinyin Chen1, Zhenyu Huang3,4,5
1Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Postharvest Storage and Preservation of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
|February 25, 2026
Summary
Ethylene enhances ester aroma in kiwifruit by suppressing repressors AcBBX19 and AcbHLH153, which normally inhibit the key gene AcAAT1. This regulation improves fruit aroma and quality.
Area of Science:
- Plant Biochemistry
- Postharvest Biology
- Molecular Genetics
Background:
- Ester aroma biosynthesis significantly impacts postharvest kiwifruit quality.
- The regulatory mechanisms controlling ester biosynthesis in kiwifruit are not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the dynamic changes and regulatory mechanisms of ester aroma biosynthesis in postharvest kiwifruit.
- To identify key genes and transcription factors involved in regulating ester biosynthesis.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of dynamic changes in aroma compounds and gene expression.
- Gene cloning, functional analysis (overexpression and silencing) of AcAAT1.
- Identification and characterization of transcription factors (AcBBX19, AcbHLH153) and their interactions.
- Ethylene and 1-methylcyclopropene treatments to study ethylene's role.
Main Results:
- Ethylene treatment promoted ester biosynthesis, fruit softening, and soluble solids, while 1-methylcyclopropene had opposite effects.
- AcAAT1 was identified as a key acyltransferase gene for ester biosynthesis; its overexpression increased esters, and silencing decreased them.
- AcBBX19 directly represses AcAAT1 expression, and ethylene signaling suppresses AcBBX19.
- AcBBX19 interacts with AcbHLH153, enhancing the repression of AcAAT1, with both proteins collaboratively inhibiting ester biosynthesis.
Conclusions:
- Ethylene promotes kiwifruit ester biosynthesis by inhibiting the AcbHLH153-AcBBX19 transcriptional module, relieving repression on AcAAT1.
- This study elucidates a novel transcriptional regulatory network governing postharvest fruit aroma formation.
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