Peters Anomaly in a Miniature Schnauzer Documented by Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography: A Case Report

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Ophthalmology
• Ophthalmology
• Canine Eye Conditions

Background:

• Corneal opacities can significantly impair vision in dogs.
• Peters anomaly is a congenital defect typically seen in humans, characterized by corneal opacity and anterior segment dysgenesis.
• Diagnosis in veterinary medicine often relies on clinical signs and imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report the first case of Peters anomaly in a dog.
• To document the diagnostic findings using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).
• To contribute to the understanding of rare corneal diseases in canines.

Main Methods:

• Clinical ophthalmic examination of a 10-month-old Miniature Schnauzer with unilateral corneal opacity.
• Advanced imaging using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) to assess corneal structure.
• Histopathological correlation was not performed in this case.

Main Results:

• A broad paraxial corneal opacity was observed, affecting the posterior stroma and Descemet's membrane.
• Strands of tissue extended from the iris to the posterior cornea.
• SD-OCT revealed focal absence of Descemet's membrane and corneal endothelial defects, consistent with Peters anomaly.

Conclusions:

• The clinical and SD-OCT findings support a diagnosis of Peters anomaly in this canine patient.
• This case represents the first documented instance of Peters anomaly in a dog diagnosed with the aid of SD-OCT.
• Further research may elucidate the prevalence and genetic basis of Peters anomaly in dogs.