Digital Health Solutions for Alpha-Gal Syndrome: A Scoping Review of Telemedicine Evidence and Applications

Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) is an emerging allergy initiated by tick bites that leads to delayed IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions to galactose-α-1,3-galactose (α-gal), a carbohydrate present in mammalian tissues. Symptoms are highly variable and include urticaria, gastrointestinal distress, and life-threatening anaphylaxis. Diagnosis relies on patient history and serological testing for α-gal-specific IgE antibodies. This scoping review, following PRISMA methodology, evaluates telemedicine for clinical management of AGS. The syndrome's characteristic delayed response pattern poses distinct challenges for standard allergy management protocols. Telehealth presents compelling solutions by enabling structured follow-up, remote data collection, and patient support, which is especially critical given that AGS is concentrated in geographic areas with limited specialist access and low provider familiarity. A case study of successful AGS desensitization using remotely monitored oral immunotherapy provides proof-of-principle for telemedicine's transformative potential. Integrating telehealth is a strategic approach to improve diagnosis, facilitate long-term management, and strengthen surveillance for this increasingly prevalent condition.