Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy of the Human Papillomavirus-Related Cervical Lesions

Background/Objectives: This study aims to fill certain knowledge gaps by assessing the clinical effectiveness of PDT in a large group of women with HPV-related cervical lesions and examining how different patient factors affect treatment results. Methods: A total of 811 women aged from 19 to 76 were retrospectively analyzed who were treated by PDT of HPV infection with atypical squamous cells and HPV-related cervical lesions. PDT was performed using chlorin e6-based systemic photosensitizers. Irradiation was carried out at 662 nm. The endocervical dose was 334 J/cm², and the ectocervical dose was 291 J/cm². Results: Overall HPV clearance was 91.1%, lesion remission was 95.3%, and complete response was 88.3%, with the highest complete response observed in the HSIL group compared with HPV-positive ASCs. Multivariable models showed that multiple HPV infection (especially >3 genotypes) and pregnancy history were associated with lower odds of complete response, while younger age (18-25 years) and TZ2 were associated with higher odds of complete response. Conclusions: PDT using chlorin e6-based photosensitizers demonstrated high clinical and virological effectiveness across HPV-related cervical abnormalities, including HSIL, supporting its role as an organ-preserving treatment option. Multiple HPV genotypes and pregnancy history may identify patients at increased risk of partial response and warrant closer follow-up or tailored treatment strategies.