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Integrated DNA examination with fluorescent biomarker analysis.

Martyna Czarnomska1, Emilia Gruszczyńska1, Joanna Koczur2

  • 1Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Forensic Science, Faculty of Law and Administration, University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland.

Spectrochimica Acta. Part A, Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy
|February 28, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a novel fluorescence-based method for integrated human identification. It simultaneously analyzes DNA, biomarkers like NADH, and secretions for comprehensive forensic profiling.

Keywords:
Amino acid visualizationBioimagingBiomarker analysisDFODMACDNA profilingFluorescence dyesNADH

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Human identification is crucial in forensic science for criminal investigations, disaster victim identification, and conflict analysis.
  • Current methods often analyze DNA, fingerprints, and biomarkers separately, limiting comprehensive profiling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an integrated fluorescence-based methodology for simultaneous human identification.
  • To combine fingerprint visualization, biomarker analysis, and DNA profiling into a unified process.
  • To enhance forensic investigations through a comprehensive biological profile.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized fluorescence dyes and luminescent probes for latent fingerprint imaging on diverse surfaces.
  • Employed UV-VIS spectrophotometry, spectrofluorimetry, and fluorescence stereomicroscopy for analyzing biomarkers (e.g., NADH) in secretions.
  • Integrated Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and electrophoresis for simultaneous DNA analysis.

Main Results:

  • Successfully visualized latent fingerprints on complex substrates using fluorescence.
  • Detected and analyzed biomarkers such as NADH in sweat and sebaceous secretions.
  • Established a unified process for simultaneous DNA, biomarker, and secretion component analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The integrated methodology offers a significant advancement in interdisciplinary human identification.
  • Simultaneous analysis of imaging, biochemistry, and genetics provides a comprehensive biological profile.
  • This approach has potential applications in forensic medicine, including time of death estimation.