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Related Concept Videos

Fluid Pressure over Curved Plate of Constant Width01:12

Fluid Pressure over Curved Plate of Constant Width

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When a curved plate of constant width is submerged in a liquid, the pressure acting normal to the plate varies continuously both in magnitude and direction. Calculating the magnitude and location of the resultant force at a point is often challenging for such cases. One of the methods to determine the resultant force and its location involves separately calculating the horizontal and vertical components of the resultant force. This complex calculation can be simplified by representing the...
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Hydrostatic pressure on curved surfaces is a fundamental concept in fluid mechanics with broad applications in the civil engineering field. When fluid is in contact with a curved surface, as in a reservoir, dam, or storage tank, it exerts pressure that varies in magnitude and direction along the curved surface. To assess the total hydrostatic force exerted by the fluid on a curved structure, engineers typically isolate the fluid volume adjacent to the surface and analyze the forces acting on...
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For incompressible Newtonian fluids, where density remains constant, stresses show a linear relationship with the deformation rate, defined by normal and shear stresses. Normal stresses depend on the pressure exerted on the fluid and the rate of deformation in specific directions, which determines how fluid flows under varying pressures. Shear stresses, on the other hand, act tangentially across fluid layers. They explain how adjacent fluid layers slide relative to one another, connecting...
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When a body is submerged in water, it experiences fluid pressure acting normal on its surface and distributed over its area. For better design structures, it is crucial to determine the magnitude and location of the resultant force acting on the surface. In the case of a rectangular plate of constant width submerged in water, the pressure increases with depth, resulting in a linearly varying trapezoidal pressure distribution from the upper to the lower edge of the plate.
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Newtonian fluids exhibit a constant viscosity, meaning their shear stress and shear strain rate are directly proportional. This property ensures a predictable and stable response to applied forces, maintaining a linear relationship between force and flow. Examples include water, air, and light oils, consistently demonstrating this proportional behavior regardless of external conditions.
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Adjoint-based PDE-constrained optimization of viscoelastic floating membrane for maximum wave power absorption.

Kareem El Sayed1, Shagun Agarwal1, Andrei Metrikine1

  • 1Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 Delft, CN The Netherlands.

Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization : Journal of the International Society for Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization
|March 2, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study optimizes viscoelastic floating membranes for wave energy conversion. Tailoring material properties significantly enhances energy absorption, improving coastal and offshore structure protection.

Keywords:
Finite element methodFlexible wave energy converterFloating breakwaterFloating membraneHydroelasticityPDE-constrained optimization

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid-structure interaction
  • Materials science
  • Renewable energy engineering

Background:

  • Viscoelastic floating membranes offer potential for wave energy conversion and coastal protection.
  • Optimal harvesting or dissipation of wave energy by these membranes is not well understood, especially concerning material property variations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and apply an adjoint-based optimization framework for investigating and optimizing viscoelastic floating membrane properties.
  • To systematically optimize membrane parameters like mass, tension, and damping for various wave conditions.

Main Methods:

  • A monolithic finite element formulation for coupled fluid-structure interaction problems.
  • Adjoint-based partial differential equation (PDE)-constrained optimization.
  • Implementation in Julia utilizing the Gridap package ecosystem for automatic differentiation.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated optimization of both homogeneous and inhomogeneous membrane properties.
  • Achieved significant improvements in wave energy absorption across different wave excitation frequencies.
  • Validated the framework's ability to systematically optimize design parameters.

Conclusions:

  • The developed framework effectively optimizes viscoelastic floating membranes for enhanced wave energy absorption.
  • Spatially varying material properties can be leveraged for improved performance.
  • This methodology provides a pathway for designing more efficient flexible wave energy converters and breakers.