Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice
10:31

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice

Published on: May 2, 2025

791

Kidney and Cardiovascular Protection in Diabetes: Beyond Diabetes Typology

Amy K Mottl1, Deirdre L Sawinski2, Petter Bjornstad3

  • 1University of North Carolina Kidney Center and Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina.

American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation
|March 6, 2026
PubMed

Insights

New diabetes therapies show promise for kidney and cardiovascular events, but evidence is lacking for non-T2D populations. Further research is needed to expand treatment benefits to all individuals with diabetes.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology and Metabolism
  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Novel therapies effectively delay kidney and cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes (T2D).
  • Individuals with diabetes types other than T2D are often excluded from clinical trials.
  • This exclusion is based on assumptions about differing event risks and pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically examine diabetes types beyond T2D.
  • To evaluate the evidence for novel therapies in underrepresented diabetes populations.
  • To address the gap in evidence for non-T2D individuals regarding cardiovascular and kidney event prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and clinical trial data.
  • Analysis of the characteristics of diabetes types other than T2D.
  • Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of novel therapies in these populations.

Main Results:

  • Significant gap in evidence for novel therapies in non-T2D populations.
  • Underrepresentation of diverse diabetes types in clinical trials limits treatment expansion.
  • Low uptake of new therapies even when evidence exists.

Conclusions:

  • Further research, including small trials and real-world studies, is essential for non-T2D populations.
  • Understanding treatment advancements is crucial for preventing kidney failure and cardiovascular events in all individuals with diabetes.
  • Future studies should focus on surrogate endpoints and real-world data to inform treatment guidelines.
Keywords:
Cardiovascular diseaseKidney diseaseKidney transplantLatant autoimmune diabetes in adultsMaturity-onset diabetes of the youngType 1 diabetes mellitusType 2 diabetes mellitus

More Related Videos

Modeling and Evaluation of Murine Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Model06:22

Modeling and Evaluation of Murine Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Model

Published on: November 29, 2024

1.6K
Author Spotlight: Understanding Retinal Vessel Resilience and Disease Progression04:36

Author Spotlight: Understanding Retinal Vessel Resilience and Disease Progression

Published on: January 12, 2024

1.7K

Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
5.3K
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
5.7K
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
2.6K
Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
1.2K
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
4.0K
Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
912