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Related Concept Videos

Mismatch Repair01:36

Mismatch Repair

Overview
DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
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Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
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Cell division is necessary for growth and reproduction in organisms. Mitosis aids cell growth and development by dividing somatic cells. In contrast, meiosis causes the division of germ cells and plays an essential role in sexual reproduction. Due to their unique functional requirements, mitosis and meiosis differ from each other in multiple aspects.
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Mismatch Repair01:20

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Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
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The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

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In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...

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Updated: May 9, 2026

Application of Laser Micro-irradiation for Examination of Single and Double Strand Break Repair in Mammalian Cells
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Mitotic BLM functions are required to maintain genomic stability.

Tamara Eleanore Hamann1, Angela Wieland1, Farbod Mohseni1

  • 1Department of Molecular Genetics, RPTU University Kaiserslautern-Landau, Paul-Ehrlich Straße 24, Kaiserslautern 67663, Germany.

Nucleic Acids Research
|March 10, 2026
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Summary

The BLM helicase resolves ultrafine DNA bridges during mitosis, crucial for preventing genomic instability. Its depletion leads to unresolved bridges, micronuclei, and DNA abnormalities, highlighting its essential role in genome maintenance.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The BLM helicase is vital for genome maintenance, participating in DNA replication, repair, and chromosome segregation.
  • During mitosis, BLM, PICH helicase, and topoisomerases resolve ultrafine DNA bridges (UFBs), but the mechanism remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of BLM in resolving ultrafine DNA bridges during mitosis.
  • To elucidate the dynamic localization and function of BLM in mitosis using a novel cell model.

Main Methods:

  • Generated a cell model by tagging endogenous BLM and PICH with fluorescent proteins and BLM with an auxin-inducible degron.
  • Utilized time-resolved lattice light sheet microscopy to track BLM and PICH dynamics throughout the cell cycle.
  • Assessed the impact of BLM depletion on UFB resolution, genomic stability, and cell division using microscopy and whole-genome sequencing.

Main Results:

  • BLM localization shifts from interphase PML bodies and repair foci to mitotic chromatin, UFBs, and CENP-B-positive foci during anaphase.
  • Acute BLM depletion during mitosis significantly increased unresolved UFBs, micronuclei with acentric fragments, and binucleation.
  • Single-cell whole-genome sequencing revealed subtle genomic abnormalities following BLM depletion.

Conclusions:

  • BLM plays a critical, mitosis-specific role in the resolution of ultrafine DNA bridges.
  • BLM is essential for maintaining genomic stability by ensuring proper chromosome segregation and preventing DNA fragmentation during cell division.