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Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Constructing Cyclic Peptides Using an On-Tether Sulfonium Center
Published on: September 28, 2022
Metabolite Mediated Protein Macrocyclization.
Zachary E Paikin1, Ana Villalobos Galindo1, Monika Raj1
1Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States.
This study introduces 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) for protein macrocyclization, enhancing protein stability. This novel method improves proteolytic and thermal stability for engineered proteins.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Protein Engineering
- Chemical Biology
Background:
- Protein macrocyclization stabilizes protein structures, improving stability against degradation.
- Current laboratory methods often require engineered proteins with unnatural amino acids and crosslinkers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a novel biological metabolite-based method for protein macrocyclization.
- To enhance protein stability through a new cyclization strategy.
Main Methods:
- Utilized 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) to modify nucleophilic amino acids (cysteine, histidine, lysine) into electrophilic hemiacetals.
- Employed oxime chemistry for subsequent protein cyclization.
- Demonstrated broad substrate scope across various protein structures and molecular weights (8-60 kDa).
Main Results:
- Successfully achieved protein macrocyclization using 4-HNE and oxime chemistry.
- Resulting cyclized proteins showed increased proteolytic stability.
- Enhanced thermal stability was observed in cyclized proteins at elevated temperatures.
Conclusions:
- 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) provides an effective method for protein macrocyclization.
- Protein cyclization is critical for maintaining 3D structure and enhancing stability.
- This approach offers new possibilities for advanced protein engineering and stabilization.
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