Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

59.2K
Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
59.2K
Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

3.8K
Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
LTP can occur when...
3.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Non-specific increase in alpha power during a neurofeedback session targeting its downregulation.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same author

Spontaneous Modulation of Alpha Power During a Neurofeedback Session Without Instructions.

Psychophysiology·2026
Same author

Can vibratory bilateral stimulation reduce the emotionality and vividness of negative autobiographical memories?

Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry·2026
Same author

Association: one term, five concepts.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2025
Same author

Spontaneous Modulation of Standard EEG Frequency Bands During a Neurofeedback-Like Task.

Psychophysiology·2025
Same author

The Lifetime of Sequential Memory Traces in the Absence of Language.

Cognitive science·2025
Same journal

Emergence of collective mental time travel pathways upon remembering consequential elections.

Communications psychology·2026
Same journal

Teams perform worse when newcomers hold critical information than when original group members do.

Communications psychology·2026
Same journal

Auditory perceptual maps in humans and mice share common structures and predict perceptual decisions in discrimination learning.

Communications psychology·2026
Same journal

Cross-cultural evidence for positive control and mind-mindedness as buffers for parental distress.

Communications psychology·2026
Same journal

Why sycophantic LLMs may imperil interactive norms between humans.

Communications psychology·2026
Same journal

Early detection of distinct language development in infants of mothers with severe mental illness using fNIRS.

Communications psychology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 14, 2026

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training
07:05

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training

Published on: August 24, 2017

11.5K

Alpha power increases spontaneously during a neurofeedback session.

Jacob Maaz1,2,3, Laurent Waroquier4, Alexandra Dia5,6,7

  • 1Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRPN, Marseille, France. jacob.maaz@univ-amu.fr.

Communications Psychology
|March 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Electroencephalographic neurofeedback (EEG-NF) does not reliably enhance alpha brainwaves through volitional control. Study findings suggest observed changes are non-specific, challenging the efficacy of EEG-NF for targeted brain modulation.

More Related Videos

Electroencephalographic Signal Acquisition Framework for Neurodiverse: A Case Study of Dolphin-Assisted Therapy
07:21

Electroencephalographic Signal Acquisition Framework for Neurodiverse: A Case Study of Dolphin-Assisted Therapy

Published on: June 27, 2025

553
Controlling Parkinson's Disease With Adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation
11:12

Controlling Parkinson's Disease With Adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation

Published on: July 16, 2014

23.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 14, 2026

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training
07:05

A Protocol for the Administration of Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training

Published on: August 24, 2017

11.5K
Electroencephalographic Signal Acquisition Framework for Neurodiverse: A Case Study of Dolphin-Assisted Therapy
07:21

Electroencephalographic Signal Acquisition Framework for Neurodiverse: A Case Study of Dolphin-Assisted Therapy

Published on: June 27, 2025

553
Controlling Parkinson's Disease With Adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation
11:12

Controlling Parkinson's Disease With Adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation

Published on: July 16, 2014

23.2K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Psychophysiology

Background:

  • Electroencephalographic neurofeedback (EEG-NF) is a technique using real-time EEG feedback to modulate brain activity.
  • Alpha neurofeedback is particularly explored for cognitive enhancement and clinical applications, assuming it enables volitional brain rhythm regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether alpha neurofeedback genuinely facilitates volitional control over brain rhythms or if observed effects stem from non-specific influences.
  • To critically reassess the underlying mechanisms and efficacy of EEG-NF.

Main Methods:

  • A preregistered, double-blind, sham-controlled study was conducted with healthy participants.
  • Three groups were included: genuine EEG-NF, sham EEG-NF, and a passive control group.
  • EEG data was analyzed to assess alpha power changes and other brain rhythms under different feedback conditions.

Main Results:

  • A robust increase in alpha power was observed across all groups, irrespective of feedback veracity or engagement in self-regulation.
  • Parallel increases in theta and sensorimotor rhythms indicated broadband, non-specific modulation.
  • Feedback update frequency did not influence the observed alpha power increases.

Conclusions:

  • The findings challenge the core assumption that EEG-NF enables volitional control of brain activity.
  • Spontaneous, repetition-related processes appear to be the primary drivers of observed EEG changes, not specific volitional control.
  • A critical reevaluation of EEG-NF efficacy and its mechanistic underpinnings is warranted.