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Impact of Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Injections on Cataract Development.

Jaehwan Choi1, Eunjung Choi2, Se Woong Kang3

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea; Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.

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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long-term intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections significantly increase the risk of cataract surgery. Patients receiving these treatments showed a 10-year cumulative incidence of 40.7% versus 7.2% in untreated eyes.

Keywords:
Age-related macular degenerationCataractIntravitreal anti-VEGF injection

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Retinal Diseases
  • Cataract Research

Background:

  • Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy is a common treatment for various retinal conditions.
  • The long-term effects of repeated anti-VEGF injections on ocular structures, particularly the lens, require thorough investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the association between unilateral intravitreal anti-VEGF injections and the subsequent need for cataract surgery.
  • To quantify the risk of developing cataracts requiring surgery in eyes treated with anti-VEGF compared to their untreated fellow eyes.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective analysis of electronic medical records was conducted for patients with phakic lenses who received at least 12 unilateral anti-VEGF injections.
  • Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to compare the cumulative incidence of cataract surgery between injected and untreated fellow eyes.
  • Lens opacity grades and visual acuity changes were analyzed at the time of surgery.

Main Results:

  • Over a median follow-up of 74 months, the 10-year cumulative incidence of cataract surgery was 40.7% in injected eyes versus 7.2% in fellow eyes.
  • Intravitreal anti-VEGF treatment was associated with an 8.17-fold increased hazard of cataract surgery (HR, 8.174; 95% CI, 5.767-11.586).
  • Significantly higher grades of nuclear, cortical, and posterior subcapsular lens opacity were observed in injected eyes, with posterior subcapsular opacity showing the greatest difference.

Conclusions:

  • Long-term intravitreal anti-VEGF treatment is significantly associated with an increased risk of cataract development requiring surgical intervention.
  • The findings highlight a potential complication of sustained anti-VEGF therapy, necessitating careful patient monitoring and consideration of lens health.