Routine data use practices: Opportunities and challenges for institutionalization at sub-national levels of the...

The optimal utilization of routine health data remains underdeveloped in many developing countries, largely due to complex institutional and systemic factors. Although multiple initiatives have been introduced to promote data use, their impact has been inconsistent. This study explores the current practices of routine data utilization within the Tanzanian health system, identifying challenges and opportunities for strengthening the Health Management Information System (HMIS) for institutionalized data-driven decision-making.

This qualitative study employed in-depth interviews with 18 key informants, purposively selected based on their direct involvement in routine health data management, service monitoring, and policy implementation. This included facility HMIS focal persons, in-charges and council program coordinators from two selected districts of the Dodoma region. Data were analyzed thematically using the Performance of Routine Information System Management (PRISM) framework as a lens to routine data use.

The study revealed that foundational components for establishing a data-driven health system are emerging. However, progress is constrained by persistent challenges, including data fragmentation across multiple platforms, limited technical capacity in data analysis and interpretation, and insufficient resources for maintaining data quality and promoting evidence-based practices. These barriers collectively weaken the institutionalized use of routine health data in decision-making processes.

To institutionalize the routine use of health data in Tanzania, a comprehensive and sustained approach is required. This should include system integration, capacity-building initiatives for health personnel, and improved institutional support mechanisms to enhance data quality, accessibility, and utilization for informed health sector decisions.