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Broadband degenerate mode selective coupler based on an inner cladding elliptical core fiber structure
Applied Optics
|March 17, 2026
Summary
This study introduces a broadband mode-selective coupler (MSC) using an inner-cladding elliptical-core fiber. This design enhances mode conversion efficiency and bandwidth for mode-division multiplexing communication.
Area of Science:
- Optical Engineering
- Telecommunications
- Materials Science
Background:
- Mode-selective couplers (MSCs) are crucial for mode-division multiplexing (MDM) communication.
- Existing MSCs suffer from narrow bandwidth and poor discrimination of degenerate modes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To design a broadband MSC capable of efficient degenerate mode conversion.
- To overcome the limitations of current MSCs in terms of bandwidth and mode selectivity.
Main Methods:
- Proposed an inner-cladding elliptical-core (ICEC) optical fiber structure.
- Utilized the broken circular symmetry and inner cladding to optimize phase-matching and enable degenerate mode conversion.
Main Results:
- Achieved coupling efficiency >90% over a 100 nm bandwidth for multiple LP modes (LP01 to LP21b).
- Demonstrated center wavelength conversion efficiency >94.6%.
- Reported lowest efficiency of 54.6% across the 1400-1700 nm wavelength range.
Conclusions:
- The ICEC fiber structure effectively enables broadband degenerate mode conversion.
- The developed MSC offers significant improvements for future MDM communication systems.
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