Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Design Example: Measuring Distance Between Two Points with Obstructions

Design Example: Measuring Distance Between Two Points with Obstructions

When measuring distances in areas with physical obstructions, such as a lake in a field, surveyors must employ techniques to calculate accurate lengths without direct line measurements. One effective method is the offset technique, which allows for precise distance estimation over inaccessible stretches.In this scenario, a surveyor must measure a side of an area that crosses a lake. Since the measuring tape cannot span the lake, the surveyor begins by establishing a baseline that aligns with...

Mesh Analysis with Current Sources

Mesh Analysis with Current Sources

Mesh analysis becomes simpler when analyzing circuits with current sources, whether independent or dependent. The presence of current sources reduces the number of equations required for analysis. Two cases illustrate this:
Current Source in One Mesh: The analysis process is straightforward when a current source is found in only one mesh within the circuit. Mesh currents are assigned as usual, with the mesh containing the current source excluded from the analysis. Kirchhoff's voltage law...

Superposition Theorem

Superposition Theorem

The superposition principle is a fundamental concept stating that in a linear circuit, the voltage across (or current through) an element can be determined by summing the individual contributions of each independent source acting in isolation. When dealing with linear circuits containing multiple independent sources, this principle serves as a valuable tool for analysis. To apply the superposition principle effectively, one should focus on a single independent source at a time while...

Nodal Analysis with Voltage Sources

Nodal Analysis with Voltage Sources

Nodal analysis is a remarkably effective method used in electrical engineering to simplify the analysis of complex circuits, including those with dependent or independent voltage sources. Its strength lies in its systematic approach to breaking down circuits into manageable components, making it easier for engineers to understand and solve.
Consider a circuit that contains four resistors and two voltage sources, as shown in Figure 1. One of these voltage sources is connected between a...

Source Transformation for AC Circuits

Source Transformation for AC Circuits

The process of source transformation in the frequency domain entails the conversion of a voltage source, positioned in series with an impedance, into a current source that is parallel to an impedance, or the other way around. It is essential to maintain the following relationships while transitioning from one source type to another.

Second Uniqueness Theorem

Second Uniqueness Theorem

Consider a region consisting of several individual conductors with a definite charge density in the region between these conductors. The second uniqueness theorem states that if the total charge on each conductor and the charge density in the in-between region are known, then the electric field can be uniquely determined.
In contrast, consider that the electric field is non-unique and apply Gauss's law in divergence form in the region between the conductors and the integral form to the surface...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Aberrations of refracting surfaces between gradient-index media using a Lie algebraic approach.

Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision·2025

Same author

Inverse freeform design of a parallel-to-two-target reflector system.

Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision·2025

Same author

Enhancement of Cold Electron Emission in Europium Doped Zinc Oxide Rod: An Experimental Verification of Simulative Prediction.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2025

Same author

Lie algebraic approach to GRIN optimization.

Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision·2025

Same author

Ray-transfer matrix for GRIN lenses: application to the crystalline lens.

Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision·2025

Same author

Mathematical model for inverse freeform design of a point-to-point two-reflector system.

Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Automated Delivery of Microfabricated Targets for Intense Laser Irradiation Experiments

Automated Delivery of Microfabricated Targets for Intense Laser Irradiation Experiments

Published on: January 28, 2021

Inverse design method for generalized zero-étendue sources and two targets.

P A Braam, J H M Ten Thije Boonkkamp, M J H Anthonissen

Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, Image Science, and Vision

|March 17, 2026

Summary

This study introduces an inverse method for designing freeform optical surfaces. These surfaces precisely control light rays to achieve complex spatial and directional distributions for reflectors and lenses.

More Related Videos

Spatial Multiobjective Optimization of Agricultural Conservation Practices using a SWAT Model and an Evolutionary Algorithm

Spatial Multiobjective Optimization of Agricultural Conservation Practices using a SWAT Model and an Evolutionary Algorithm

Published on: December 9, 2012

Evaluating Targeting Accuracy in the Focal Plane for an Ultrasound-guided High-intensity Focused Ultrasound Phased-array System

Evaluating Targeting Accuracy in the Focal Plane for an Ultrasound-guided High-intensity Focused Ultrasound Phased-array System

Published on: March 6, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 19, 2026

Automated Delivery of Microfabricated Targets for Intense Laser Irradiation Experiments

Automated Delivery of Microfabricated Targets for Intense Laser Irradiation Experiments

Published on: January 28, 2021

Spatial Multiobjective Optimization of Agricultural Conservation Practices using a SWAT Model and an Evolutionary Algorithm

Spatial Multiobjective Optimization of Agricultural Conservation Practices using a SWAT Model and an Evolutionary Algorithm

Published on: December 9, 2012

Evaluating Targeting Accuracy in the Focal Plane for an Ultrasound-guided High-intensity Focused Ultrasound Phased-array System

Evaluating Targeting Accuracy in the Focal Plane for an Ultrasound-guided High-intensity Focused Ultrasound Phased-array System

Published on: March 6, 2019

Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Computational Physics

Background:

Designing optical systems to precisely control light is crucial for various applications.
Existing methods may struggle with complex, freeform surface requirements.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an inverse method for computing freeform optical surfaces.
To enable the transformation of arbitrary light distributions between specified planes.

Main Methods:

Derivation of Jacobian equations for optical mappings based on energy conservation.
Utilizing optical path length to define generating functions for optical surfaces.
Numerical solution via a three-stage least-squares algorithm.

Main Results:

Successful computation of freeform optical surfaces (reflectors and lenses).
Demonstrated control over spatial and directional coordinates of light rays.
Validation with complex source and target light distributions.

Conclusions:

The presented inverse method is effective for designing freeform optics.
This approach offers precise control over light manipulation for advanced optical systems.