Eating Behaviour in Mental Health Care: An Underexplored Perspective From Dietitians and Other Clinicians

The role of 'eating behaviour', which pertains to choices, practices, and patterns around food, remains underexplored within mental health populations. This study aimed to gain insight into an understanding of how mental health professionals support eating behaviour in individuals living with mental health concerns.

The study employed an exploratory qualitative design with a post-interview survey in accordance with The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) guidelines. Semi-structured Interviews were used to explore the thoughts and experiences of health professionals working in mental health settings in relation to eating behaviour. Data were thematically analysed using a reflexive, inductive approach.

Ten mental health professionals participated, a majority worked as a dietitian. Six themes and three subthemes were generated. The data revealed a broad spectrum of common eating behaviours not supportive of health, alongside a complex web of biopsychosocial factors influencing such behaviours within the mental health context. The approach shared by participants was dynamic and context-driven, and dietitians are vital to the multidisciplinary team composition. Body weight was a common and complex point of discussion, however, participants emphasised the value of health-centric narratives, including health-focused goals.

Our findings demonstrate the complex nature of eating behaviour within mental health care, drawing attention to the psychological and environmental factors which drive a broad spectrum of eating behaviours. It is imperative that mental health professionals consider eating behaviour in the broadest sense within mental health settings to support safe and effective care.