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Paediatric occupational therapists' views on applying interoception in practice contexts.

Emma Clark^1,2, Ted Brown¹, Mong-Lin Yu¹

¹Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Peninsula Campus, Frankston, Victoria, Australia.

Australian Occupational Therapy Journal

|March 19, 2026

Summary

Paediatric occupational therapists recognize interoception

Keywords:

children evidence‐based practice interoceptive awareness occupational therapy professional practice

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Area of Science:

Occupational therapy
Developmental psychology
Neuroscience

Background:

Interoception, the awareness of internal bodily signals, is crucial for children's self-regulation and participation.
Growing research explores interoception in child health, but its application in pediatric occupational therapy is less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore how pediatric occupational therapists interpret and apply interoception in their clinical practice.
To identify facilitators and barriers to integrating interoception into pediatric occupational therapy.

Main Methods:

Qualitative semi-structured online interviews with 22 Australian pediatric occupational therapists.
Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyze interview data.

Main Results:

Therapists view interoception as fundamental but report variable knowledge and confidence, indicating a learning process.
Interoception is integrated into practice, influenced by professional reasoning and context, but lacks occupation-focused tools.
Key themes include 'Learning as we go,' 'Integrating interoception,' 'An empty toolbox,' and 'Context matters.'

Conclusions:

Pediatric occupational therapists value interoception for child regulation and participation.
There is a need for more occupation-based assessments, structured resources, and professional development.
Consistent implementation of interoception is limited by a lack of specific tools and guidance.