Respiratory Virus Coinfection Is a Risk Factor for Adverse Outcomes During Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia.

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Critical Care Medicine
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) is a serious infection with significant mortality.
• The impact of concurrent respiratory virus infections on SAB outcomes is not well-defined.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the influence of respiratory virus coinfection on the clinical presentation and outcomes of SAB.
• To identify risk factors associated with mortality in SAB patients with and without viral coinfection.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective observational cohort study of adult patients with monomicrobial SAB.
• Comparison of baseline characteristics and outcomes between patients with and without detected respiratory virus coinfection.
• Analysis of mortality using Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariable logistic regression.

Main Results:

• Respiratory virus coinfection was detected in 9.1% of tested SAB patients.
• Coinfection was associated with a higher incidence of bacteremic pneumonia (21.1% vs 5.2%).
• Patients with viral coinfection exhibited increased 30-day all-cause mortality (31.6% vs 18.0%).

Conclusions:

• Respiratory virus coinfection is a risk factor for bacteremic Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia.
• Bacteremic pneumonia, not viral coinfection itself, was independently associated with increased 30-day mortality.
• Mortality risk was independent of age, comorbidities, and immunomodulatory treatments.