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Visualizing Motion Patterns in Acupuncture Manipulation

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Published on: July 16, 2016

Implementing a competency-based acupuncture training program in Korean Medicine education.

Eunbyul Cho^1,2, Yeonkyeong Nam³, Jiseong Hong⁴

¹Department of Diagnostics, College of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea.

|March 20, 2026

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This study developed a new acupuncture training program using a rapid prototyping instructional systems design (RPISD) model. The program successfully enhanced students' clinical competencies, including clean needle technique and communication skills.

Area of Science:

Integrative Medicine
Medical Education
Instructional Design

Background:

Standardized acupuncture education lags behind its global adoption.
Limited research exists on effective acupuncture training methods.
A novel training program was developed using the RPISD model.

Purpose of the Study:

To implement and evaluate a new acupuncture training program.
To assess the program's effectiveness in improving clinical competencies.
To identify areas for enhancement in acupuncture education.

Main Methods:

Acupuncture training program developed via RPISD model.
Implemented with 88 Korean Medicine students.
Evaluated using mixed-methods: satisfaction surveys, KSE-12, practical exams, and interviews.

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Main Results:

High participant satisfaction (97.8%).
Significant increase in self-efficacy for clinical communication skills (KSE-12 score, p=0.028).
Improved competencies in point location and clean needle technique; identified need for more practice time.

Conclusions:

The RPISD-based acupuncture program effectively improved clinical competencies and communication skills.
This systematic approach offers a replicable model for acupuncture education.
Supports broader implementation and further research on long-term skill retention and global applicability.