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Related Concept Videos

Labeling DNA Probes03:31

Labeling DNA Probes

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DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions.
Radioisotopes, fluorophores, or small molecule binding partners like biotin or digoxigenin, are the most widely used reporter tags for labeling DNA probes. These labels can be attached to the probe DNA molecule via...
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In-situ Hybridization02:31

In-situ Hybridization

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In situ hybridization (ISH) is a technique used to detect and localize specific DNA or RNA molecules in cells, tissue, or tissue sections using a labeled probe. The technique was first used in 1969 for the investigation of nucleic acids. It is currently an essential tool in scientific research and clinical settings, especially for diagnostic purposes.
Types of probes and labels
A probe is a complementary strand of DNA or RNA that binds to corresponding nucleotide sequences in a cell. Many...
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FISH - Fluorescent In-situ Hybridization02:07

FISH - Fluorescent In-situ Hybridization

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Fluorescence in situ hybridization, or FISH, was developed in the early 1980s and has quickly become one of the most widely used techniques in cytogenetics. Labeled probes are used to bind complementary DNA or RNA sequences on a chromosome or in a region within a cell. Earlier, the probes could only be obtained by cloning or reverse transcription of a DNA template. Currently, the probe oligonucleotides can be synthesized synthetically. Additionally, with the advancement of optical techniques,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 22, 2026

Characterization of Neuronal Lysosome Interactome with Proximity Labeling Proteomics
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Characterization of Neuronal Lysosome Interactome with Proximity Labeling Proteomics

Published on: June 23, 2022

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In vivo-compatible proximity labeling technologies.

Hongyang Guo1, Wei Qin2

  • 1School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.

Current Opinion in Chemical Biology
|March 20, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Proximity labeling (PL) maps molecular interactions by tagging biomolecules. New in vivo-compatible PL methods overcome limitations of older systems, enabling spatial multi-omics in living organisms.

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Detection of Heterodimerization of Protein Isoforms Using an in Situ Proximity Ligation Assay
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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Proximity labeling (PL) is crucial for mapping subcellular composition and molecular interactions.
  • Conventional PL methods (peroxidases, biotin ligases, photocatalysis) have limitations for in vivo applications.
  • Existing methods hinder the study of native biological systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the applications and constraints of current proximity labeling techniques in vivo.
  • To explore novel in vivo-compatible proximity labeling technologies.
  • To highlight the potential of emerging PL tools for expanding spatial multi-omics in living organisms.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on peroxidase and biotin ligase applications in vivo.
  • Exploration of recent advances in novel enzymes (tyrosinase, laccase, lipoic acid ligase) for PL.
  • Discussion of innovative photocatalytic strategies (near-infrared, ultrasound, bioluminescence) for in vivo PL.

Main Results:

  • Peroxidases and biotin ligases have provided insights into cell surface proteomes and secretion in vivo, despite limitations.
  • Novel enzymes and photocatalytic systems demonstrate improved compatibility for in vivo applications.
  • Emerging PL technologies offer expanded capabilities for spatial multi-omics in living systems.

Conclusions:

  • In vivo-compatible proximity labeling is essential for advancing biological research.
  • Novel enzymes and photocatalytic strategies represent significant progress in PL technology.
  • These advancements promise to revolutionize spatial multi-omics studies in whole organisms.