Nutritional Management in Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia: A Scoping Review

Hypertension during pregnancy is still the second leading cause of death in Indonesia. Most incidents are caused by delays in recognizing, bringing and taking appropriate action for pregnant women. This condition requires mutual awareness of both the mother and her family. One management that must be known together is nutritional management which can help maintain normal blood pressure.

This study aims to look for various interventions that were proven to help overcome hypertension during pregnancy.

The method used was a scoping review with the inclusion criteria of free full text articles, the last 12 years (2013-2025), and articles on the topic of nutritional management in pregnant women with preeclampsia. The exclusion criteria for this article review were articles with the type of literature review research. Article search techniques used PICO and PRISMA, using the PubMed (1797), CINAHL (472), and Sciencedirect (56824) databases. Based on data extraction, it was found that there were 10 articles that met the requirements.

Nutritional management that can help overcome hypertension during pregnancy has been proven to be effective and can be used to maintain blood pressure within normal limits, in 3 ways, namely: 1) diet program with an expert; 2) consumption of supplements, and 3) consumption of specific foods such as Ajwa dates, Ambon bananas and tomatoes.

Nutritional strategies involving calcium intake, sodium restriction, and overall healthy dietary patterns appear to support blood pressure control in women with preeclampsia. However, variability across studies highlights the need for further research to define optimal nutritional interventions in this population.